adenoid hypertrophy The adenoids are located at the junction of the roof and back of the nasal pharynx, between the openings of the Eustachian tubes. When the adenoids are repeatedly stimulated by inflammation for various reasons, they undergo hyperplasia and enlargement, which holds pathological significance and leads to related symptoms, known as adenoidal hypertrophy.

The adenoids are located at the junction of the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx, between the tonsillar fossae on either side. Adenoid hypertrophy refers to the pathological enlargement of the adenoids due to repeated inflammation caused by various reasons, leading to associated symptoms.

Adenoid hypertrophy commonly occurs due to recurrent acute or chronic nasopharyngitis, or inflammation in the nasal cavity, sinuses, or tonsils, which affects the nasopharynx and stimulates adenoid tissue growth.

Allergic reactions, gastroesophageal reflux, and active lymphoid tissue in the body can increase the risk of adenoid tissue proliferation.

Local Symptoms

Nasal Symptoms

The primary symptom is nasal congestion, often accompanied by nasal discharge and a muffled or "hyponasal" voice.

Ear Symptoms

Secretions can flow into the middle ear, leading to secretory otitis media or even suppurative otitis media, resulting in symptoms such as ear fullness, earache, and decreased hearing.

Pharyngeal and Lower Respiratory Tract Symptoms

The secretions can flow down and irritate the respiratory mucosa, causing throat discomfort, intermittent cough, and symptoms of bronchitis.

Abnormal Maxillofacial Development

Long-term adenoid tissue growth can impact ventilation, leading to mouth breathing, which can, in turn, affect maxillofacial development, resulting in adenoid facies.

Systemic Symptoms

Prolonged airway obstruction can affect sleep, leading to obstructive sleep apnea and associated nocturnal hypoxemia.

Over time, pediatric patients may exhibit systemic symptoms such as excessive sleepiness, irritability, slowed growth and development, and even cognitive impairment, often accompanied by symptoms like vivid dreams during sleep, easy arousal, teeth grinding, delayed reactions, lack of concentration, and enuresis.

In cases of acute adenoiditis, systemic symptoms of septicemia can be triggered by inflammation, leading to fever, decreased appetite, nasal congestion, and purulent nasal discharge.

Parents should pay special attention to their child's cold condition and try to prevent prolonged colds. If a child experiences hearing loss, significant snoring during sleep, or prolonged mouth breathing, it is advisable to seek medical attention.

During cold seasons, attention should be paid to keeping the nasal area warm to prevent colds.

Enhance physical fitness and engage in moderate exercise.

Avoiding conditions that trigger nasopharyngeal inflammation due to colds.

Reducing outdoor activities during the peak flu season to avoid sources of infection.

Avoiding contact with allergens.

Maintaining a balanced diet.

Avoiding exposure to second-hand smoke.