Floaters (Floaters) are a common visual impairment, with patients feeling as if there are shadows resembling mosquitoes or small insects floating in front of their eyes. These drifting black dots are caused by small particles or cellular debris in the vitreous body of the eye projecting onto the retina. This article will explore the causes of floaters, the diagnostic process, and potential treatment methods.

Causes of Floaters

Floaters are usually associated with the following factors:

Age: As individuals age, the vitreous body in the eye may degenerate, leading to structural changes and the formation of visible floaters.

Nearsightedness: Patients with myopia are more prone to floaters due to elongation of the eyeball axis, which affects the vitreous body and results in floaters.

Eye surgery or injury: Ocular surgery or trauma can lead to vitreous abnormalities, subsequently causing floaters.

Certain diseases: Conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, and others may also lead to floaters.

Diagnosis of Floaters

The diagnosis of floaters typically involves the following steps:

Medical history inquiry: The doctor will inquire about the patient's detailed symptoms, including onset time, and changes in symptoms.

Ocular examination: Through slit lamp examination and fundus examination, the doctor can observe the condition of the vitreous body and retina.

Visual acuity testing: Evaluating whether the patient's vision is affected.

B-scan ultrasonography: When necessary, the doctor may use ultrasound examination to assess the condition of the vitreous body and retina.

Treatment of Floaters

The treatment of floaters depends on the severity of symptoms and the specific cause:

Observation and waiting: For mild floaters, special treatment is usually unnecessary, and patients need regular ocular examinations.

Medication: In certain cases, the doctor may prescribe medication to slow the degeneration of the vitreous body.

Laser treatment: For certain types of floaters, laser vitreolysis can be a treatment option.

Vitreous body removal: In cases where floaters significantly impact vision or quality of life, the doctor may recommend vitrectomy.

Although floaters may cause inconvenience to patients, in most cases, they do not lead to serious vision impairment. Understanding the causes, diagnosis, and treatment methods of floaters is crucial for managing this condition. If you experience symptoms of floaters, it is advisable to promptly consult an ophthalmologist for appropriate diagnosis and treatment advice.